PROGRAMS OF STUDY AND COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
Courses A-C | Courses E-G | Courses H-J | Courses L-P | Courses R-Y

 Latin Library Management Marketing Mathematics Music
Philosophy Physical Ed and Athletics Physics Political Science
 Pre-Engineering Pre-Health Preparation Pre-Law Psychology

LATIN (LAT)
See CLASSICAL LANGUAGES

LIBRARY (LIB)

1001 Information Skills. 1 credit.
Knowledge and skills needed to locate specific information in the library, as well as to find material for an assignment or term paper. Geared to curricular and personal interest.

MANAGEMENT (MAN)

Major: Sy Syms School

Business Core ( 12 courses; 36 credits): 
ACC 1001, 1002; BLW 2021; ECO 1011, 1021, 1221; FIN 1001; INF 1020; MAN 1020; MAR 1001; STB 1131, 1456, or 1601; MAN 2110 and four courses chosen from MAN 2370, 3601, 3610, 3701, 3720, 3730, 3780, 3786, 3790, 3796, 3834, 4635, 4930 (15 credits); business electives: four courses chosen from  ACC, ENT, FIN, MAR (12 credits); and MAN 4970.

Minor: Sy Syms School
Five courses chosen from MAN 2110, 2370, 3601, 3610, 3701, 3720, 3730, 3780, 3786, 3790, 3796, 3834, 4635, 4930 (15 credits).

1020 Principles of Management. 3 credits.
The nature, functions, and responsibilities of management; various systems of managerial thought and decision making; formal and informal organization; systems concepts; organizational styles; control systems; organizational changes and adaptation.

2110 Organizational Behavior. 3 credits.
An understanding and appreciation of the complexities in balancing organizational goals with human needs. Covers classical behavior, social systems, management science, and empirical theories of organization. Role theory, group dynamics, motivation, leadership, decision making and communications are presented.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

2370 Human Resources. 3 credits.
An Exploration of human resources management as a facilitator of the effective use of personnel to achieve corporate objectives. The linking of human resources management to strategic planning, employee recruitment, development, and impact of equal opportunity employment programs, human resources forecasting, training programs, performance evaluation, direct and indirect compensation, and comparable worth.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3601 International Business. 3 credits.
The environment of international business. Problems, policies, and operations of multinational corporations, with a focus on global logistics and production planning, alternative forms of ownership, and methods of control.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3610 Health Care Management. 3 credits.
An introduction to the functional role of the health services manager in various organizational settings, utilizing contemporary case studies. An overview of health-care delivery systems in the United States, hospital administration on both the inpatient and outpatient sides, physician practice management, long-term and home health care, fundamentals of health-care reimbursement, the impact of managed-care organizations, and strategic planning and marketing.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3701 Business and Society. 3 credits.
The inter-organizational problems that confront the corporate system in its interrelationships with individuals, government, and the global society. Corporate social responsibility, competition, employee relations, collective bargaining, and analyzing ethical and cultural issues.
Prerequisite: Upper-class standing or permission of Sy Syms Dean.

3720 Business Policy. 3 credits.
Capstone course integrating courses in business; defines and analyzes the formulation and implementation of corporate objectives and strategies; uses cases and/or computer simulations to develop policy skills.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020 and upper-class status at Sy Syms School.

3730 Business in a Global Society. 3 credits.
The key elements in the challenge facing policy makers as the United States positions itself to compete in the global marketplace. Managers facing international decisions make judgments that determine which countries flourish and which do not. This course considers why some countries and their corporations have managed to outpace others and increase their power and influence in the world.
Prerequisite: senior status.

3780 Principles of Entrepreneurship. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 3780.)
New venture initiation and development; the practical approach to developing and implementing procedures and techniques for starting an enterprise. Class discussions based on readings and case studies.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3786 New Venture Planning. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 3786.)
Use of the business plan, the critical element of entrepreneurship, as a guide to the successful operation of a business venture. Students learn the essential ingredients necessary for an effective plan, select and present an enterprise that they are personally interested in, and develop a persuasive written plan that can be used to attract financing, key employees, and mentors.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3790 Managing a Growing Business. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 3790)
Managing and enhancing an ongoing growth business organization, including establishing a management team, satisfying investors, and building loyal customers. Labor employment laws, merger and acquisition strategy, strategy for capital foundation, and business conflicts and resolutions.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3796 Franchising, Licensing, and Distributorships. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 3796)
Essential elements of franchising from the viewpoint of both franchiser and franchisee. Explore the franchising opportunities and their planning and implementation. Discussion of licensing and distributorship as viable business ventures.
Prerequisite: MAN 1020.

3834 Management and Technology. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 3834.)
Information technology is examined as a managerial resource. Extensive discussion and analysis of the organizations structural, cultural and operational resources as they relate to the Information Technology function will be studied.
Prerequisite: INF 1020, MAN 1020.

4635 Seminar in Business Ethics. 3 credits.
Organized around six practical but open-ended questions, this course examines the central role of ethics for business decision making. Presents the concept of corporate social responsibility from various theoretical perspectives, including Jewish values. Specific issues are discussed and evaluated.
Prerequisite: junior or senior status.

4930; 4931; 4932 Seminar: Contemporary Problems in Business. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 4930; 4931; 4932).
Today's business environment requires imaginative leadership to deal with the turbulent global marketplace. Top executives from leading multinational corporations present a general overview and discuss the corporate culture of their organizations, outline the competitive climate in their industries, and share their views of what ingredients are needed to survive in today's fast-changing economic environments.
Prerequisite: upper-class status or permission of Sy Syms Dean.

4970 Senior Research Paper. 1 hour. No credit.
An individualized approach to assisting each student in selecting a topic and designing and completing his senior research paper required for graduation. Students work one-on-one with a faculty member in their discipline.
Prerequisite: senior status.

MARKETING (MAR)

Major: Sy Syms School
Business Core ( 12 courses; 36 credits): ACC 1001, 1002; BLW 2021; ECO 1011, 1021, 1221; FIN 1001; INF 1020; MAN 1020; MAR 1001; STB 1131, 1456, or 1601; and 5 courses chosen from MAR 2210, 2255, 2410, 2415, 2501, 2621, 3313, 3321, 3325, 3331, 3341, 3345 (15 credits); Business electives: MAN 2110 and three courses chosen from ACC, ENT, FIN, MAN (12 credits); and MAR 4970.

Minor: Sy Syms School
5 courses chosen from MAR 2210, 2255, 2410, 2415, 2501, 2621, 3313, 3321, 3325, 3331, 3341, 3345 (15 credits).

1001 Principles of Marketing. 3 credits.
Marketing as a system of satisfying human wants; analysis of all levels, from producer to consumer; emphasis on planning for efficient use of marketing tools in the development and expansion of markets; principles, functions, and tools of marketing.

2210 Direct Marketing. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2210.)
Selling directly to the consumer or business entity. Examines various aspects of direct marketing such as the use of catalogs, mail order, mailing-list selection, TV, radio, print, and telemarketing. Focuses on the management utilization of direct marketing strategy and implementation.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

2255 E-Commerce: Internet Marketing. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2255/ INF 2255.)
The practical applications of e-commerce in the marketplace today, including both customer to business and intra-business interactions. Associated business models, security and firewalls protocols (authentication, encryption, SSL, X.509, LDAP), electronic payment protocols (SET, e-cash), collaboration/on-line catalogs, and the required network infrastructure (TCP/IP).
Prerequisite: INF 1020, MAR 1001.

2410 Sales Management. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2410.)
A survey of the sales management field and analysis of sales force management. Organizing; staffing and training a sales force; directing sales force operations; sales planning; and evaluating sales performance.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

2415 Retail Management. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2415.)
Starting, developing, and growing a retailing organization, from both entrepreneurial and professional managerial perspectives. How retailing enhances the marketing mix, improves the effectiveness of the distribution network, and dynamically evolves in conjunction with environmental factors.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

2501 Buyer Behavior. 3 credits.
How and why people behave as buyers—either consumer or industrial. A conceptual understanding of buyer behavior. Applies the principles to marketing management, and the development of analytic capability in using behavioral research data and methodology.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

2621 Marketing Research. 3 credits.
Development of research design, from problem formulation to analysis and submission of proposals to management techniques such as experimental design, sampling, statistical analysis, and reporting. Cases are used in the application of marketing research to a variety of marketing problems.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001, STB 1131.

3313 Advertising Management. 3 credits.
The practice of advertising as affected by relevant behavioral science and management science theory; the decision-making process regarding advertising objectives, copy selection, media selection, and budget setting.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

3321 Product Strategy. 3 credits.
Product strategy as part of the firm's overall strategy; management of product portfolio, product life cycles, pricing, promotion, introduction, positioning, improvements, and deletion.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

3325 Sales Promotion. 3 credits.
The increasing use of sales promotion in the marketing program represents a change in the fundamental, strategic decisions regarding how companies market their products and services. This course utilizes a managerial approach to sales promotion campaign development with an emphasis on sales promotion strategy as a component of the total marketing mix. Consumer promotion and event marketing are analyzed as important elements. Topics include sales promotion objectives, consumer sales promotion tools (e.g., samples coupons, premiums, contests and sweepstakes, refunds and rebates), and trade sales promotional tools (e.g., trade allowances, displays and point of purchase), sales training, trade shows, and measurement and evaluation of sales promotions. Students have an opportunity to develop a sales promotion campaign.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

3331 Business to Business Marketing. (formerly Industrial Marketing) 3 credits.
An overview of inter-corporate marketing relationships leading toward building and maintaining long-term profitable strategic alliances. The similarities and differences between business and consumer marketing; channel development, evolution and control; vendor and value analysis; inventory policy and control; forecasting; impact of hard goods versus services on marketing decisions; marketing and promotion planning and implementation.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

3341 International Marketing. 3 credits.
Issues involved in entering overseas markets and conducting marketing operations on a multinational scale; identification and evaluation of opportunities in overseas markets and adapting marketing strategies to these markets consistent with their unique environments.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

3345 International Export Promotion. 3 credits.
The promotion mix from a global point of view, including the framework for managing advertising, selling, public relations, and sales promotion. Comparison and contrast with purely domestic promotional strategy is engaged through extensive case analysis. Importing and sourcing from outside the United States also is covered.
Prerequisite: MAR 1001.

4970 Senior Research Paper. 1 hour. No credit.
An individualized approach to assisting each student in selecting a topic and designing and completing his senior research paper required for graduation. Students work one-on-one with a faculty member in their discipline.

MATHEMATICS (MAT)

Major: Yeshiva College

General Track:
MAT 1412, 1413, 1510, 1520, 1521, 2105, and 12 additional credits in advanced MAT courses (STA 1320 and 1460 may be counted); also three correlate courses approved by the senior professor (PHY 1041-1042 R&L and COM 1300 are strongly recommended).

Students interested in actuarial mathematics are advised to take STA 1320 and 1460. For such students, ECO 1011, 1021 and COM 1300 are recommended correlates.

Computer Track:
MAT 1412, 1413, 1510, 2105, and one of the following sequences approved by the senior professor : 1) MAT 1520, 1521; 2) MAT 2215, 2216; 3) STA 1320, 1460. Also COM 1300, 1320, 1504, 1621, 2545, 2117 and one of COM 3563, 3620, 3640.

Minor: Yeshiva College
MAT 1412, 1413 and 12 additional MAT credits in a planned course of study approved by the senior professor.

The normal sequence of courses in the first two years is 1412, 1413, 1510, and 2105. A mathematics placement examination is administered during the period of orientation. Students must take this test before registering for MAT 1160, 1412.

Courses in statistics are listed under STA and STB.

1020 Introduction to Finite Mathematics. 3 credits.
Elements of probability, methods of counting, and combinatorics; linear equations and inequalities; analytic geometry of lines and planes; vectors and matrices; applications to social and management sciences.
Prerequisite: two years of high school mathematics.

1160 Introduction to Elementary Functions. 3 hours of lecture. 2 hours of recitation. 4 credits.
Number systems, functions, equations, and inequalities; algebra of polynomials, exponentials, and logarithms; analytic geometry of lines and circles; vectors, trigonometry, and complex numbers.
Prerequisite: two years of high school mathematics and placement by examination.

1320 Mathematical Statistics. 3 credits
(see STA 1320)

1350 Queuing Theory. 3 credits.
(See STA 1350)

1412, 1413 or 1413H Calculus I, II. 3 hours of lecture. 2 hours of recitation. 4 credits.
First semester: limits, continuity, derivatives; applications to graphing, maxima and minima, and related rates; mean value theorem; integration, fundamental theorem of the calculus, integration by substitution. Second semester: applications of integration in geometry and physics; methods of integration; improper integrals; indeterminate forms; numerical integration; sequences, power series, and Taylor series, polar coordinates; parametric equations.
Prerequisite: three years of high school mathematics and placement by examination, or MAT 1160. Students in sections taught in computer-assisted mode pay a fee of $40 per semester.

1460 Probability Theory. 3 credits. (See STA 1460)

(1471, 1472 Honors Calculus I, II)

(1481, 1482 Vector Calculus with Linear Algebra)

1510 Multivariable Calculus. 3 credits.
Limits and continuity in Euclidean spaces; partial derivatives, gradient, and chain rule; maxima and minima with constraints; multiple integrals, cylindrical and spherical coordinates; vector calculus; theorems of Green, Gauss, and Stokes.
Prerequisite: MAT 1413.

1520, 1521 Advanced Calculus I, II. 3 credits.
Real numbers; theorems on limits; continuous, differentiable, and integrable functions; sequences and series of functions; metric space methods, fixed points, existence theorems for differential equations; implicit function theorem.
Prerequisite: MAT 1510.

1540, 1541 Functions of a Complex Variable I, II. 3 credits.
Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Cauchy integral formula, residue theory, conformal mappings.
Prerequisite: MAT 1520 or 2601.

2105, 2106 Linear Algebra I, II. 3 credits.
Systems of linear equations, Gaussian elimination, and matrices; vectors in Euclidean space; linear mappings and matrix multiplication; vector spaces, linear independence, and bases; determinants; characteristic roots and vectors, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, and similar matrices; quadratic forms; spectral theory; multilinear functions.
Prerequisite: MAT 1412.

2215, 2216 Modern Algebra I, II. 3 credits.
Basic concepts of modern abstract algebra: groups, rings, and fields, with illustrations and applications, particularly in elementary number theory; some applications of the theory of fields to the theory of equations.
Prerequisite (with permission, corequisite): MAT 2105.

2601 Differential Equations. 3 credits.
Ordinary differential equations, with applications to problems in physics and geometry; linear systems of equations.
Prerequisite: MAT 1413.

3301, 3302, 3303, 3304 Topics in Modern Mathematics. 3 credits.
Selected subjects in analysis, algebra, geometry, actuarial, and applied mathematics. Students may register for up to four semesters with permission of the senior professor.
Prerequisite: junior status and permission of the instructor.

(3610 Theory of Interest)

4541 Numerical Analysis. 3 credits.
(See COM 4541.)

4901, 4902 Independent Study
Meet with the Yeshiva College Academic Dean.

4931, 4932 Selected Topics. 1 credit.
Seminar in current problems and literature of mathematics.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

4933, 4934 Problem Seminar. 2 hours. 1 credit.
Techniques for solving problems in mathematics. Recommended for all Mathematics majors and particularly for those who are preparing for the Putnam competition.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

MUSIC (MUS)

Major: Yeshiva College

PHILIP AND SARAH BELZ PROGRAM:
MUS 1111A, 1350-1351, 2111-2114, 2111L-2112L, plus an additional 13 credits of MUS courses, including courses in each of the four areas within the discipline (Music History and Literature, Music Theory, Musical Performance, and Applied Study) as determined by the department advisor in consultation each student. Students may count toward the major no more than 6 credits total in Musical Performance and Applied Study, with no more than 4 credits in Applied Study. Department advisor: Dr. N. Bartholomew.

Music majors must take a keyboard proficiency exam upon entrance to MUS 2111. A student who does not pass the exam must take Keyboard Skills, MUS 2113L and/or 2114L, depending on placement. The 1 credit for each term of Keyboard Skills counts toward the maximum 4 credits in Applied Study.

Minor: Yeshiva College
MUS 1111A, 1350-1351, 2111-2112 plus an additional 6 credits from any of the four areas noted above. Students may count no more than 4 credits total in Musical Performance and Applied Study toward the minor.

1111A The Sense of Music. 2 credits.
Insight into the art of music through guided listening experiences that aim to develop aural perception, a historical perspective, an awareness of the formal processes of music, and some critical bases for esthetic discrimination; emphasis on the cultivation of helpful listening habits. No previous training in music is required.

1141 or 1141H The Interpretation of Text Through Sound. 3 credits.
Texts, music and their symbiosis.

1341 Music from Antiquity Through the Renaissance. 2 credits.
Evolution of the forms and practices of Western music, in antiquity, the medieval and the Renaissance eras; the development of polyphony and secular art music, emphasizing the works of Dufay, Ockeghem, Josquin, Willaert, Gesualdo, Gabrieli, and Monteverdi.
Prerequisite: MUS 1111.

1350 Music in the Baroque and Classical Eras. 3 credits.
The development of triadic music, tonality, and its forms in the Baroque era and continuing through the classical era. The growth of opera, concerto, fugue, sonata, and symphony; Western music from Monteverdi to Beethoven.

1351 Music in the Romantic and Modern Eras. 3 credits.
Musical practices in the 19^th and 20^th centuries, beginning with Beethoven’s monumental and universal works and their influence on later generations; the increase in chromaticism through the romantic era, the breakdown of tonality, and the harmonic-contrapuntal techniques and structural principles of 20^th century music; Western music from Beethoven to Adams.

1381 History of Jazz, Blues, and American Popular Music. 3 credits.
African, Afro-American, and Euro-American musical genres in the 19th century after emancipation; the mutual cross-cultural assimilation of these genres that synthesized into new, uniquely North American popular and then art music in the 20th century. Jazz styles considered in depth include traditional (early jazz), swing, bebop, modal and free jazz, emphasizing recordings of influential, innovative performers of each era.

1400 or 1400H The String Quartet. 3 credits.

1400 The String Quartet. 3 credits.
A genre course that provides insight into the art of music through guided listening experiences that aim to develop aural perception, a historical perspective and understanding of the formal processes in string quartets since Haydn’s Op. 33, and some critical bases for aesthetic discrimination. No previous training in music is required.

(1661 Survey of Operatic Literature.)

1931, 1932 Musicology. 2-3 credits.
Seminars in special topics, one normally scheduled every other year after consultation with prospective students. The music of Bach; Haydn, Mozart and Classicismclassicism; Beethoven; Chopin and the piano; the age of Brahms; Schoenberg and Stravinsky; jazz giants.
Prerequisite: completion of Music 2112 and at least one course in music history (1341, 1350, 1351 or 1381).

2111-2112 Diatonic Harmony. 3 credits.
Structural foundations of tonal music; principles of melodic construction, voice leading, harmony, and counterpoint in tonal music. Prerequisite: ability to read music. Corequisite: an ear training laboratory (2111L-2112L) determined by placement exam given at the beginning of the term.

2113, 2114 Chromatic Harmony. 3 credits.
Continuation of 2111-2112. Principles of chromatic voice leading and chromatic harmony.  Exploring those topics through model composition and analysis. The second semester also offers an introduction to post-tonal theory and analysis.
Prerequisite: Music 2112.

2111L-2112L, Ear Training I and II. 1 credit.
Laboratory course designed to help students master the skills covered in MUS 2111, 2112. Emphasis on the development of relative pitch memory and recognition of interval, chord, and chord inversion. Students learn sight-singing from simple melodies and counterpoints, and practice elementary skills of chordal accompaniment at the keyboard.
No prerequisites. Corequisite: MUS 2111-2112.

2113L, 2114L. Keyboard Skills I and II. 1 credit.
Piano instruction for adult beginners; practice techniques to the level of Bach’s Inventions and Clementi’s Sonatinas.

2127, 2128 Advanced Theory and Composition. 1-2 credits.
Seminar for advanced students. Includes MIDI studies, electric-acoustic techniques, and composition.
Prerequisite: MUS 2114.

3303; 3304; 3305; 3306 Choral Ensemble. 1 credit.
Analysis and performance of choral music of various styles; principles of ensemble singing and group leading. No prior musical or vocal experience is required. Students may register for any four semesters in any order.

3461 through 3469 Musical Performance and Interpretation. 1-2 credits.
Music of selected composers rehearsed and analyzed to develop performance skills, an awareness of musical styles, and an approach to musical interpretation:

3461 through 3466 - Classical Chamber Music (e.g., Bach, Schubert, Brahms).

3467 through 3469 - Jazz Ensemble.
Prerequisite: ability to play a musical instrument or sing and to read music, and permission of the instructor.

4011 through 4016 Voice Culture. 1 credit.
Elements of voice training for singing and speaking; vocal physiology and hygiene; principles of song study. General instruction and individual attention.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

4111; 4112; 4113; 4114 Applied Musical Studies. 1-3 credits.
Vocal or instrumental music lessons arranged by the Music staff. Literature, materials, techniques. A maximum of 9 credits may be taken in such courses. Fee on an individual basis, dependent on extent and nature of services provided.
Prerequisite: permission of the senior professor. (The above courses replace 4901, 4902 found in other disciplines.)

PHILOSOPHY (PHI)

Major: Yeshiva College
PHI 1100, 1600, and 4931; two courses chosen from 2170, 2420 or 2560; and 15 additional credits in PHI courses. In addition, a three-course sequence in a subject related to the major, chosen with the written approval of the department advisor. Department advisor: Dr. Johnson.

Up to 6 credits in JHP credits may count toward the major with the permission of the department advisor.

Minor: Yeshiva College
PHI 1100, 1600; two of 2170, 2420, 2560; and 6 additional credits in PHI courses chosen with the written approval of the department advisor.

Courses in Jewish Philosophy are listed under JPH.

1010 or 1010H Philosophy and Propositional Logic. 3 credits.
Truth, semantic paradoxes, conditionals and probability, possible worlds, vagueness, logical consequence, and other crucial topics in philosophy.

1011 Introduction to Philosophy I. 3 credits.
Introduction to the problems of ethics, political and social philosophy, philosophy of religion, and esthetics.

1012 Introduction to Philosophy II. 3 credits.
Introduction to the problems of metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of science.

1100 Logic. 3 credits.
An introduction to formal logic.

1130 Symbolic Logic. 3 credits.
Advanced logic. Topics are selected from the following: 1) soundness and completeness proofs, 2) meticulous examination of Gödel’s proof of his first incompleteness theorem, 3) modal logic, 4) axiomatic set theory.
Prerequisite: PHI 1100.

1220 Philosophy of Language. 3 credits.
Theories of meaning, reference, and truth.

1320 Theories of the Mind. 3 credits.
Examination of rival conceptions of mind and self, and of differing explanatory models for human behavior.

1360 Theory of Knowledge. 3 credits.
Concepts of sense perception, memory, knowledge, and belief; principle of verifiability and problems of induction. Emphasis on contemporary views.
Prerequisite: one semester of Philosophy.

1400 Philosophy of Science. 3 credits.
Fundamental conceptions of the empirical and mathematical sciences, such as explanation, law, theory, space, determinism, and reduction.
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI or one year of science or mathematics.

1550 Metaphysics. 3 credits.
Current metaphysical problems, with topics to be selected from the following: nature of metaphysical reasoning, problems of language and reference, mind-body problem, determinism and free will, causality, personal survival, and the philosophical concept of God.
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI .

1600 Ethics. 3 credits.
Fundamental moral problems such as the place of pleasure and happiness in the moral life, and the relation between individual interests and social obligations. Readings from classical and contemporary works.

(1800 Philosophy of Art.)

2170 Ancient and Medieval Philosophy. 3 credits.
From the Pre-Socratics to Thomas Aquinas, with emphasis on Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Boethius and Aquinas.

1932H Freshman Honors Seminar II: Modernity.

2420 Modern Philosophy. 3 credits.
Continental rationalism and British empiricism, from Descartes to Hume..

2560 Philosophy in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. 3 credits.
The chief contributions of Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche,James, Russell, and Ayer, and Wittgenstein.

2640 Contemporary Analytic Philosophy. 3 credits.
Philosophical analysis, logical positivism, and ordinary-language philosophy; representative selections from Russell, Moore, Wittgenstein, Ryle, Ayer, and J.L. Austin.
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI.

2650 Phenomenology and Existentialism. 3 credits.
Critical examination of these two related movements, with special attention to the works of Husserl, Heidegger, and Sartre.

3200 Classical Political Philosophy. 3 credits.
Theories of great political philosophers from Plato to Hegel; analysis of various interpretations of history, the nature of man, justice, liberty, and authority. (Not open to students who have taken POL 1801.)
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI or POL 1001 or 1040.

3402 Philosophy of Law. 3 credits.
Fundamental questions about the nature and scope of law, grounds for legal obligation, and the justification of particular jural practices such as punishment.

4901, 4902 Independent Study.
Meet with the Yeshiva College Academic Dean.

4930 Selected Topics. 3 credits.
Special topics, issues, and movements in philosophy.
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI and permission of the instructor.

4931, 4932 Seminar. 3 credits.
Intensive analysis of a philosopher, a philosophic concept, or a philosophic movement.
Prerequisite: one semester of PHI and permission of the instructor.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND ATHLETICS (PED)

The Department of Physical Education and Athletics offers an extensive program of credit- bearing courses, intercollegiate athletics, intramural athletics and recreational opportunities. Undergraduates are invited to participate in scheduled activities and/or in open recreation. All courses consist of theoretical and practical instruction in the skills, rules, strategies and appreciation of the particular sport or activity. Most courses require textbooks, strenuous activity, and regular participation. The Wellness and Fitness course, PED 2112, is the cornerstone of the program; therefore, students are encouraged to select Wellness and Fitness as the first required course. All undergraduates must successfully complete two credit-bearing courses before graduation.

No physical education course may be repeated for credit, with the exception of the courses that involve participation on a varsity team (basketball, cross-country, fencing, golf, soccer, tennis, volleyball and wrestling).

In all 1/2-credit courses, the only grades assigned by the faculty are P or F; in all 1-credit courses, the only grades assigned are A, P, or F.

2112 Wellness and Fitness 1/2 - 1 credit.
The following courses are normally 1/2 credit. Courses that involve participation on a varsity team may be taken for 1/2 or 1 credit.

1120 to 1129 Golf.

1321 to 1329 Volleyball.

1341 to 1349 Tennis.

1421 to 1429 Basketball.

1511 to 1519 Soccer.

2111 to 2119 Physical Fitness.

2311 to 2316 Track & Field.

2317 to 2319 Cross-Country.

2421 to 2429 Wrestling.

2441 to 2449 Martial Arts.

2461 to 2469 Fencing.

3101 to 3109 Swimming.

4401 to 4409 Physical Education Fieldwork. 1/2 credit.
The practice of leadership in implementing rules of play, officiating, and group control at athletic contests.

4631 to 4639 Corrective Physical Education. 1/2 credit.
Special prescribed exercises and activities for students who have physical disabilities or special medical problems.

PHYSICS (PHY)

Major: Yeshiva College
Thirty-two (32) credits in physics courses. PHY 1041 R&L, 1042 R&L, 1120, 1810 and 17 credits in PHY electives, which must include at least three courses from the following: PHY 1221, 1321, 1510, 1621 and MAT 1412, 1413. MAT 1510, 2105 are strongly recommended.

Pre-engineering students who wish to fulfill the requirements for a Physics major may satisfy up to 9 credits with coursework, chosen with the approval of the senior professor, at Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science.

Minor: Yeshiva College
22 credits in physics courses.

All students either majoring or minoring in Physics must consult with the senior professor for guidance as to an appropriate program.

1021 The Physical Universe. 2 credits.
Interdisciplinary course for non-science majors, emphasizing the main ideas in astronomy and the physics of motion, light, heat, and electricity. Not open to students who have completed any college course in physics.
Corequisite: PHY 1021L.

1021L The Physical Universe Lab. 2 hours. 1 credit.
Laboratory experiments designed to help the student master the principles covered in PHY 1021.
Laboratory fee: $40.
Corequisite: PHY 1021R.

1026R Introduction to Astronomy: Planets. 2 credits.
History of astronomy; early models of the universe. The Copernican Revolution and the Newtonian Universe. The solar system: from terrestrial and Jovian planets to comets and asteroids. Possibility of organic life elsewhere in the solar system and beyond. Future evolution of our planetary system. Recently discovered planetary systems around other stars.
Corequisite: PHY 1026L.

1026L Introduction to Astronomy: Planets--Laboratory. 1 credit.
Hands-on experiments and computer simulations illustrating concepts introduced in the course.  Observations of  planets, stars, galaxies, and nebulae with the University's 12-inch telescope.  
Laboratory Fee: $50.
Corequisite: PHY 1026R.

1027R Introduction to Astronomy: Stars. 2 credits.
Birth, life, and death of stars: from protostars, main sequence, red giant stages  to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and  black holes. The Milky Way galaxy. Evolution of galaxies and their types.  Hubble law and expansion of the universe. Big bang and inflation theory.
Corequisite: PHY 1027L.

1027L Introduction to Astronomy: Stars--Laboratory. 1 credit.
Hands-on experiments and computer simulations illustrating concepts introduced in the course. Observations of  planets, stars, galaxies, nebulae with the University's 12-inch telescope.
Laboratory Fee:  $ 50. 
Corequisite  PHY 1027R

1031R, 1032R Introductory Physics--Lectures. 4 credits.
4 hours of lecture. 1 hour of recitation.
Non-calculus-based version of PHY 1041R-1042R.
Corequisite: PHY 1031L, 1032L.

1031L, 1032L Introductory Physics--Laboratory.
2 hours of lab. 1 credit.
Non-calculus-based version of PHY 1041L-1042L.
Laboratory fee: $40 per semester.
Corequisite: PHY 1031R, 1032R.

1036 Physics Problems for Pre-Health. 1 credit.
Complement to PHY 1031–1032. Topics include modern physics, optics, fluid mechanics, and other subjects of interest to the health sciences. Emphasis on problem-solving techniques.
Prerequisites: PHY 1031-1032.

1041R, 1042R General Physics-Lectures. 4 credits.
4 hours of lecture. 1 hour of recitation.
Introduction to Newtonian mechanics for particles, systems of particles, and
rigid bodies. Notions of fluid mechanics and elasticity. The physics of waves and geometrical and physical optics. Theory of gravitation. Theory of electricity and magnetism. Direct current and alternate current circuits. The Maxwell's equations.
Prerequisite or co requisite: MAT 1412, MAT 1413.
Corequisite: PHY 1041L-1042L.

1041L, 1042L General Physics-Laboratory. 1 credit.
2 hours.
Laboratory experiments designed to help the student master the principles covered in PHY 1041R-1042R. Covers mechanics, heat, optics, elasticity, electricity, circuits, and magnetism.
Laboratory fee: $40 per semester.
Corequisite: PHY 1041R-1042R.

1041H, 1042H Honors General Physics. 4 credits.
This course complements 1041R, 1042R. Lectures with an honors recitation section and/or honors laboratory section.

1110 Waves and Optics. 3 credits.
Introduction to normal modes in discrete and continuous systems, linearization, basic Fourier analysis, and applications. Traveling waves on strings, sound waves, introduction to electromagnetic waves. Wave reflection, refraction, and partial transmission. Doppler effect. Waves on transmission lines and characteristic impedance. Group velocity, pulses, wave packets, Fourier integral, bandwidth theorem. Elements of geometrical optics. Fermat's principle. Physical optics: interference, diffraction, limit of resolution, applications.
Prerequisites: PHY 1041, 1042.
Corequisite: MAT 1510.

1120 or 1120H Introduction to Modern Physics. 3 credits.
Introduction to Einstein's theory of relativity. Time dilation and length contraction. E = MC2. The great experiments that shaped 20th-century physics. The blackbody radiation. The basis of kinetic theory. Quantum theory and Bohr's model of the atom. Waves of matter, wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle. Schroedinger's equation.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (R&L).

1221 or 1221H Classical Mechanics. 4 credits.
Particle motion in space, time or velocity-dependent potentials. Damped and driven oscillations and resonances. Elements of non-linearity and chaos. Non-inertial reference systems. Motion relative to the Earth. Central forces. Planetary motion. Orbital dynamics.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (R&L). Recommended: MAT 1510.

1222 Advanced Mechanics.  4 credits.
Systems of particles. Variable mass. Collision theory. Lagrangian mechanics. Constraints. Variational calculus and Hamilton's equations. Rotations of rigid bodies. Euler's equations. Tensor analysis. Small coupled oscillations and normal coordinates. Fluid mechanics. Viscosity. Relativistic mechanics.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (R&L). Recommended: MAT 1510, 2105, PHY 1221.

1222B  Mechanics for Engineers II. 4 credits.
Same as PHY 1222 with added material in Mechanics designed specifically for Pre-Engineering majors. Statics. Methods of analysis of trusses. Cables under loads.

1321 Electromagnetic Theory. 3 credits.
Review of vector calculus. Electro- and magnetostatics, multipole expansions, time-dependent fields. Development of Maxwell's equations. Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems. Electromagnetic wave equation, plane waves in a vacuum. Poynting vector, "blue sky law." Microscopic and phenomenological theories of dielectric and magnetic materials.  Resistors, capacitors, inductors, and their uses in circuits, transformers, generalized forces on charges in electromagnetic fields.
Prerequisite: PHY 1042 (or PHY 1032 with permission of the instructor).
Corequisite: MAT 1510 or equivalent.

1322 Electromagnetic Theory II. 3 credits.
Relativistic transformation of fields and covariance of Maxwell's equations. Polarizability tensor, electrodynamics in matter. Electromagnetic radiation by accelerating charges; Lienard-Wiechert potentials, multipole radiation, bremsstrahlung, synchrotron radiation, applications to astrophysical sources. Antennas. Electromagnetic wave propagation in matter. Electromagnetic basis of physical optics. Fresnel equations, Kirchoff diffraction theory. Wave-guides and cavity resonators.
Prerequisite: PHY 1321.

1401 Introduction to Solid State Physics. 3 credits.
A survey of the properties of condensed matter. Classification of crystalline lattices. Elements of crystallography. Cohesive forces in solids. Vibrations of crystals. Quantization.  Debye and Einstein theories of phonons and thermal conductivity.  Free electron theory of metals. Bloch functions and band theory. The Fermi surface. Semiconductors. Survey of advanced topics: excitations in lattices (plasmons and polarons), superconductivity, magnetic materials and models, theory of crystalline defects and alloys.
Prerequisite: PHY 1120.

1510 Elements of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics. 3 credits.
The laws of thermodynamics. Entropy. Equations of state. Phase transitions. Thermodynamic potentials. The third Law. Distribution functions. Theory of ensembles. Statistical formulation of temperature. Quantum and classical ideal gasses. Electronic conductance. Bose-Einstein statistics: phonons, Planck's Law, Bose condensation.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (R&L).

1520 Advanced Statistical Mechanics. 4 credits.
Gibbs theory of ensembles. Quantum statistics. Superfluidity. Quantum transport. Virial expansions. Magnetic systems and the Ising model. Theory of phase transitions. Ideas of the renormalization group. Random walks, accretion and percolation phenomena. Complexity and self-organization. Non-equilibrium Stat. Mech. Boltzmann's equation.

1621 or 1621H Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. 3 credits.
Wave-particle duality; solutions of Schroedinger equation in one dimension for square well and barrier potential, harmonic oscillator, and rigid rotator with fixed axis; observables, expectation values, uncertainty relations; wave packets.
Prerequisite: PHY 1120.

1622 Advanced Quantum Theory. 3 credits.
Perturbation theory, approximations; solution of Schroedinger equation for hydrogen atom; Pauli exclusion principle, electron spin; atomic spectroscopy.
Prerequisite: PHY 1621.

1724 Electronics. 2 credits.
Electronic devices and their use in power supplies, audio and radio frequency amplifiers, operational amplifiers and instrumentation circuits. Electro-chemical and biomedical applications; generation, processing, and analysis of signal waveforms related to speech, music, optical and biophysical phenomena, and radio and television broadcasting.
Prerequisite:  PHY 1032 or 1042 R&L.

1810 or 1810H, 1820 Intermediate Experimental Physics I, II. 2 credits.
1 hour of lecture, 3 hours of lab. (Formerly PHY 1801L, 1802L.)
Experimental exercises in techniques of modern experimental physics and engineering. Covers the fields of mechanics, analog communication electronics, transmission lines and wave-guides, physical and fiber optics, atomic spectroscopy, nuclear statistics, nuclear spectroscopy, interferometry, and laser physics. Recent examples: impedance divider, gravitational acceleration, thermocouple junction, microwave optics, mechanical phonons, Millikan's experiment, dielectric constant of water, Stephan-Boltzmann law, radioactivity and Poisson statistics, Michelson interferometer.
Laboratory fee: $50 per semester.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (or PHY 1031-1032 and permission of the instructor).

1830 Advanced Experimental Physics. 2 credits.
4 hours of lab. (Formerly 1803L.)
A selection of independent projects designed to prepare the student for contemporary research in physics. Recent examples: statistics of discharges, temperature dependence of conductivity, Einstein temperature, and the Hall effect.
Laboratory fee: $50 per semester.
Prerequisite: PHY 1810, 1820.

2255R, 2256R Biophysics--Lectures. 2 credits.
Thermodynamics of the body, pressure, hemodynamics, nerve cells, transmission of signals, electrocardiography, transport phenomena, diffusion, osmosis, radiation, production and use of X rays, nuclear medicine, physics of the eye and ear, exponential growth and decay, measurement, instrumentation.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 (R&L) and BIO 1011C, 1012C.

2255L, 2256L Biophysics--Laboratory. 1 credit.
2 hours. Experiments to accompany 2255R, 2256R.
Laboratory fee: $50 per semester.
Corequisite: PHY 2255R, 2256R.

2601, 2602 Special and General Relativity. 3 credits
Einstein's special and general theories of relativity; underlying physical and mathematical concepts; formulation of Einstein's theory of gravitation; mathematical structure, observational tests, exact and approximate methods of solution; problem of gravitational radiation; theory of motion of ponderable bodies.
Prerequisite: PHY 1120, 1221.

3301 or 3301H Computational Methods in the Physical Sciences. 3 credits
Basic use of symbolic logic software and exploration of different areas of physics through numerical and computational techniques, possibly including random-walk models, accretion phenomena, Monte Carlo methods in statistical physics, cellular automata, complexity, chaos, and planetary motion. Methods of interpolation, rates of convergence, projection methods, boundary problems and singular perturbation methods.

4901, 4902 Independent Study
Meet with the Yeshiva College Academic Dean.

4991 or 4991H The New Physics and Astronomy. 3 credits.
Review of the new problems and areas that have reshaped physics in the last 30 years: theory of chaos, the quark and the Standard Model, the new cosmology, and the inflationary universe. Physics of scales and the renormalization group. The quantum fluids, and superconductivity and superfluidity. The new theory of complexity, quantum transport.
Prerequisite: PHY 1041-1042 R&L, 1120, or permission of the instructor.

POLITICAL SCIENCE (POL)

Courses in Political Science are grouped into the following categories:

American Politics

Comparative Politics

International Relations

Political Theory

Major: Yeshiva College
Thirty-three (33) credits. Required courses: POL 1001, 1040 plus one course from each of the above groups. The remaining five courses are electives within the department.

Minor: Yeshiva College
Eighteen (18) credits. Required courses: 1001 or 1040 plus one course from each of the above groups. The sixth course is an elective within the department.   

1001 Fundamentals of Political Science. 3 credits.
Meaning, principles, and major fields of political science; development of the state; civil and political rights; law and the judicial process; theories of the state such as democracy, socialism, communism, fascism; international relations.

1002 or 1002H Fundamentals of Political Science. 3 credits.
Designed to familiarize the beginning student with research objectives, analytical concepts, and research tools, this course provides assistance in learning how to think like and do the research work of the political scientist. Key component is an original project based on empirical research.
Students who have taken POL 1001 may register for POL 1002 as a sequence course but may not register for POL 1001 after taking POL 1002. For students taking both POL 1001 and POL 1002, the honors course (1002) counts as a POL elective.

1040 American Government and Politics. 3 credits.
Major institutions and functions of the national government; relationship of political elites, minority groups, political parties, and other groups to these institutions; federal-state relations, domestic and foreign policy issues and policy making.

1091 through 1099 Problems in Politics. 3 credits.
Specialized subtopics of American politics, comparative politics, or international relations. Courses may be repeated, since topics vary each semester. Recent topics have included American ethnic politics, international conflict resolution, and the United Nations.

1092 Fundamentals of Political Economy. 3 credits.
Introduction to the spheres of human behavior and activity—politics and markets—that greatly affect our daily lives. Understanding of the major issues of political economy, such as inflation and poverty, and of policies that can be used to rectify the major problems of the day. Economic criteria applied in political judgment, and economic assumptions of policy- makers.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1095 or 1095H Hannah Arendt. 3 credits.

1100 State and Urban Politics. 3 credits.
Role and functions of state and local government in the American federal system; impact of political parties, bosses, interest groups, racial/religious minorities, and social classes upon the policy-making process; development of the megalopolis and contemporary urban problems.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1200 American Congress and Representative Institutions. 3 credits.
The practice and theory of representation. Congress and the national interest. Congress and interest groups. Capitol Hill alignments; relations with the executive branch. Political behavior and policy making. The "Washington establishment." Constitutional restraints and democratic legislation. Alternative and comparative legislatures.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1210 Media and Politics. 3 credits.
Politics in the multimedia age; power of print and broadcast media to influence the democratic political process and the voting public; packaging candidates for TV; issues such as right to privacy, governmental secrecy and media; political bias in media; media accountability.

1245 Public Policy. 3 credits.
How policy makers make policy: agenda setting and policy evaluation; cost-benefit analysis; and moral valuation. Covers issues such as health care, Social Security, First Amendment freedoms, budgeting, hazards in the workplace, etc., as well as actors and sites: experts in regulatory agencies, elected officials in representative institutions, and citizens in elections. Social science and public policy. Improving the democratic process.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1250 State and Society. 3 credits.
The classic and contemporary debate about the proper role of government in society: conservative and liberal views on government regulation. Nature of the state and civil society. The welfare-regulatory state in America; state and environment; use of the state to promote prosperity; cross-national comparisons; regulation and the social construction of preferences.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1260 Urban Politics. 3 credits.
The contemporary city, its role and function in American politics; impact of political parties, bosses, interest groups, racial/religious minorities, and social classes upon the policy-making process, current policy issues; the impact of globalization on the city.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1310 The European Union. 3 credits.
Development of the European Union as a regional "state," EU as a new federalism, France and Germany as the EU's power hub, Britain's EU dilemma, the EU in the globalized market, security and foreign-policy making, the EU as an international actor, EU-United States relations, EU expansion into eastern Europe, the EU and NATO, the EU and Russia, the EU and North Africa, Turkey, and the Middle East.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1320 Political Development. 3 credits.
Meaning and process of political development; comparative analysis of selected African, Asian, and Latin American states; international political economy; role of International Monetary Fund (IMF) in political-economic development; great powers and the politics of development.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1340 The Middle East. 3 credits.
Geopolitical and cultural characteristics of the "Middle" East; European historic legacy; rise of Zionism, Pan- Arabism and Pan-Islamism; political systems of Israel and selected Arab/Islamic states; Arab-Israeli conflict; political trends in the post-Cold War world order.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1364 Russian Politics. 3 credits.
The rise and fall of the Soviet empire; emergence of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS); problems of democratization and privatization; the Yeltsin era, U.S.–Russian relations after the Cold War; Russia as an international actor; Russia and China, Russia and Japan.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1370 Eastern Europe. 3 credits.

1430 Pacific Rim. 3 credits.
Pacific Ocean states as the power hub of the 21st century, with emphasis on Japan and China. Globalization dynamic in East Asia and the "Asian Tigers"; impact of the rise of East Asia upon the United States, Canada and Latin America; regionalization prospects in East and Southeast Asia; foreign policy trends of China and Japan; relations with the United States.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1441 Political Parties and Political Behavior. 3 credits.
American political parties; history, organization, functions, and sources of support; relationship between parties and pressure groups, and the influence both have on government policy.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1460 American Presidency. 3 credits.
The conception of the modern executive. Types of presidential power. The modern institutional and plebiscitary presidency. Presidential policy making. Operating a system of separate institutions sharing power. Patterns of presidential authority over American history. The current office holder. How the growth of presidential power affects democracy.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1503 International Politics. 3 credits.
The nation-state system since World War I (national power, national interest, foreign policy formulation); the development of international relations from the League of Nations to the United Nations and present regional systems; the impact of modern weaponry; war and peace; globalization and the post-Cold War world order.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1510 American Foreign Policy. 3 credits.
How American foreign policy is made and implemented; the interrelationship of foreign and domestic policies; the military-industrial complex; the media and the policy-making process; objectives of American foreign policy; the United States as an international actor in the post-Cold War order; the UN and the United States .
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1520 Great Powers. 3 credits.
Factors making a state a “great power”; regional and international relations between “core” and “peripheral” states; Japanese ascent and challenge; newly industrialized countries and the Great Powers; post-Cold War order building; the UN and Japan-USA-Europe triangle.

1540 International Law. 3 credits.
The development of principles of public law governing the relations of states, and analysis of these principles; problem of individual responsibility; role of diplomacy, international organizations, and international tribunals; review of selected international law cases.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1600 American Constitutional Law. 3 credits.
The Constitution of the United States as developed primarily by judicial interpretation; role of the judiciary in the political process.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1650 Civil Liberties. 3 credits.
The freedoms of speech, press, and religion; the right to privacy; and the new equal protection as developed primarily through judicial interpretation.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1700 Empirical Research Methods. 3 credits.
Introduction to quantitative research methods used in the social sciences; development of research designs.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1801 Classical Political Philosophy. 3 credits.
Philosophical analyses of and propositions about political power that have shaped the Western political tradition in its anti-democratic and democratic variants; emphasis on Plato and Aristotle; development of the classical Greek (and Roman) tradition in medieval thinkers; Machiavelli (Renaissance) and Rousseau (Modern).
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1802 Contemporary Political Ideologies. 3 credits.
Rise of ideology with mass politics; characteristics of ideology and its political function; modern revolutionary ideological movements such as liberalism, Marxism, and fascism; conservatism as an ideology; ideologies since the end of the Cold War; “New Politics” liberation movements and environmentalism, religious fundamentalism.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1810 Modern Political Philosophy. 3 credits.
Political thought in the 17th to 19th centuries. Theories of rights and property; moral agency; theories of state, justice, and civil society. English, French, and German liberalism: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Kant. Hegel's social theory. Marx's critique.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or permission of the instructor.

1811 Contemporary Political Theory. 3 credits.
The recent renaissance in the theory and philosophy of the polity, legal order, and economy. The increasing application of the results of contemporary analysis to solving difficult policy questions. How contemporary theorists reason and disclose the principles of political life. Theories of rights; general political principles; just distribution of social resources; and modes of entitlement.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1820 Contemporary Political Philosophy. 3 credits.

1825 Democracy. 3 credits.
A survey of several major aspects of democracy in America. Who really rules? Wealth and power. Types of political power. Democracy's relationship to social justice; its social requisites and historical development. Democracy and the public philosophy. Pathologies of pluralism and possible remedies. Feminist and Marxist analyses. Advanced democracy in the future.
Prerequisite: POL 1040 or permission of the instructor.

1862 American Political Thought. 3 credits.
Readings in classical and contemporary commentaries on the American political experience; analysis of historical and geographical factors shaping the American political mind and tradition; impact of religion from colonial times to the present; slavery, ethnicity and racism; anti-democratic thought in America; Vietnam as a watershed; contemporary issues.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1040.

1895 Modernity. 3 credits. (Same as HIS 4695.)
A history–political-science interdisciplinary course on the dominant characteristics, tensions, and problems of our revolutionary modern age. Change and how individuals and societies respond to it. Covers the French Revolution and the "new man" of modernity; the scientific establishment and new life choices; the atomic bomb and modern warfare; capitalism and anti-modern political ideologies; Western colonialism and its aftermath.

1896 Postmodernity. 3 credits.
For postmodernists, Hiroshima and the Holocaust nullified the idea of progress that had dominated Western modern thinking since the Enlightenment. Without the idea of progress, how should we understand who we are? This course focuses on the postmodern critique of modernity and its alternative mode of analysis (deconstruction); the postmodern problematic of identity, otherness, moral agency, context and meaning; political issues like power, justice, democracy, postnationalism, postcolonialism.
Prerequisite: POL 1001 or 1895 or HIS 4695 or permission of the instructor.

1900 Public Administration. 3 credits.
The process of implementing public policy/laws, with emphasis on American national government; contemporary theories of organization; styles of political management; internal bureaucratic politics; relations between administrators and politicians (e.g., Congress, the president) and between administrators and interest group; political implications of the bureaucratic state.
Prerequisite: POL 1040.

4901, 4902 Independent Study
Meet with the Yeshiva College Academic Dean.

4921 Senior Thesis. 3 credits.
Seniors majoring in Political Science are encouraged to write a senior thesis on a topic of their choosing. See the senior professor for details.

PRE-ENGINEERING
Students interested in a career in engineering have the option of majoring in Pre-Engineering at Yeshiva College, or choosing from a variety of related majors including chemistry, physics, math